From db4cc77098220bd200dd56066fb3e8b974003dce Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Albert Stefanov Date: Wed, 1 May 2024 14:14:04 +0300 Subject: [PATCH] Add Debian preseed config Auto-install the server with plain debian, deploying the ssh keys from a known location. Closes #2 Related to #8 #16 --- server/preseed/README.md | 16 ++ server/preseed/env.example | 4 + server/preseed/preseed.cfg.in | 493 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ server/preseed/run_env.sh | 9 + 4 files changed, 522 insertions(+) create mode 100644 server/preseed/README.md create mode 100644 server/preseed/env.example create mode 100644 server/preseed/preseed.cfg.in create mode 100755 server/preseed/run_env.sh diff --git a/server/preseed/README.md b/server/preseed/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..da3e6c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/server/preseed/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +# Debian Auto-install + +## Creating the preseed file + +use `envsubst` to template: + + ./run_env.sh env.example envsubst < preseed.cfg.in + +Upload it to a web server which the server can access. + +## Installing + +Create a debian ISO (netinst works too). +Start the installer and choose Automated installation from the Advanced options menu. + +When prompted, type the preseed file location on the web server. diff --git a/server/preseed/env.example b/server/preseed/env.example new file mode 100644 index 0000000..45180a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/server/preseed/env.example @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +HOSTNAME=demohost +DOMAINNAME=openfest.org +AUTHORIZED_KEYS_URL="https://pesho.ludost.net/files/openfest_keys" +ROOTPASS=Openfest diff --git a/server/preseed/preseed.cfg.in b/server/preseed/preseed.cfg.in new file mode 100644 index 0000000..014eb47 --- /dev/null +++ b/server/preseed/preseed.cfg.in @@ -0,0 +1,493 @@ +#_preseed_V1 +#### Contents of the preconfiguration file (for bookworm) +### Localization +# Preseeding only locale sets language, country and locale. +#d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US + +# The values can also be preseeded individually for greater flexibility. +d-i debian-installer/language string en +d-i debian-installer/country string BG +d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US.UTF-8 +# Optionally specify additional locales to be generated. +#d-i localechooser/supported-locales multiselect en_US.UTF-8, nl_NL.UTF-8 + +# Keyboard selection. +d-i keyboard-configuration/xkb-keymap select us +# d-i keyboard-configuration/toggle select No toggling + +### Network configuration +# Disable network configuration entirely. This is useful for cdrom +# installations on non-networked devices where the network questions, +# warning and long timeouts are a nuisance. +#d-i netcfg/enable boolean false + +# netcfg will choose an interface that has link if possible. This makes it +# skip displaying a list if there is more than one interface. +d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto + +# To pick a particular interface instead: +#d-i netcfg/choose_interface select eth1 + +# To set a different link detection timeout (default is 3 seconds). +# Values are interpreted as seconds. +#d-i netcfg/link_wait_timeout string 10 + +# If you have a slow dhcp server and the installer times out waiting for +# it, this might be useful. +#d-i netcfg/dhcp_timeout string 60 +#d-i netcfg/dhcpv6_timeout string 60 + +# Automatic network configuration is the default. +# If you prefer to configure the network manually, uncomment this line and +# the static network configuration below. +#d-i netcfg/disable_autoconfig boolean true + +# If you want the preconfiguration file to work on systems both with and +# without a dhcp server, uncomment these lines and the static network +# configuration below. +#d-i netcfg/dhcp_failed note +#d-i netcfg/dhcp_options select Configure network manually + +# Static network configuration. +# +# IPv4 example +#d-i netcfg/get_ipaddress string 192.168.1.42 +#d-i netcfg/get_netmask string 255.255.255.0 +#d-i netcfg/get_gateway string 192.168.1.1 +#d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string 192.168.1.1 +#d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true +# +# IPv6 example +#d-i netcfg/get_ipaddress string fc00::2 +#d-i netcfg/get_netmask string ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:: +#d-i netcfg/get_gateway string fc00::1 +#d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string fc00::1 +#d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true + +# Any hostname and domain names assigned from dhcp take precedence over +# values set here. However, setting the values still prevents the questions +# from being shown, even if values come from dhcp. +d-i netcfg/get_hostname string $HOSTNAME +d-i netcfg/get_domain string $DOMAINNAME + +# If you want to force a hostname, regardless of what either the DHCP +# server returns or what the reverse DNS entry for the IP is, uncomment +# and adjust the following line. +#d-i netcfg/hostname string somehost +d-i netcfg/hostname string $HOSTNAME + +# Disable that annoying WEP key dialog. +d-i netcfg/wireless_wep string +# The wacky dhcp hostname that some ISPs use as a password of sorts. +#d-i netcfg/dhcp_hostname string radish + +# If you want to completely disable firmware lookup (i.e. not use firmware +# files or packages that might be available on installation images): +#d-i hw-detect/firmware-lookup string never + +# If non-free firmware is needed for the network or other hardware, you can +# configure the installer to always try to load it, without prompting. Or +# change to false to disable asking. +#d-i hw-detect/load_firmware boolean true + +### Network console +# Use the following settings if you wish to make use of the network-console +# component for remote installation over SSH. This only makes sense if you +# intend to perform the remainder of the installation manually. +#d-i anna/choose_modules string network-console +#d-i network-console/authorized_keys_url string http://10.0.0.1/openssh-key +#d-i network-console/password password r00tme +#d-i network-console/password-again password r00tme + +### Mirror settings +# Mirror protocol: +# If you select ftp, the mirror/country string does not need to be set. +# Default value for the mirror protocol: http. +#d-i mirror/protocol string ftp +d-i mirror/country string manual +d-i mirror/http/hostname string debian.ipacct.com +d-i mirror/http/directory string /debian +#d-i mirror/http/proxy string + +# Suite to install. +#d-i mirror/suite string testing +# Suite to use for loading installer components (optional). +#d-i mirror/udeb/suite string testing + +### Account setup +# Skip creation of a root account (normal user account will be able to +# use sudo). +#d-i passwd/root-login boolean false +# Alternatively, to skip creation of a normal user account. +d-i passwd/make-user boolean false + +# Root password, either in clear text +#d-i passwd/root-password password r00tme +#d-i passwd/root-password-again password r00tme +d-i passwd/root-password password $ROOTPASS +d-i passwd/root-password-again password $ROOTPASS +# or encrypted using a crypt(3) hash. +#d-i passwd/root-password-crypted password [crypt(3) hash] + +# To create a normal user account. +#d-i passwd/user-fullname string Debian User +#d-i passwd/username string debian +# Normal user's password, either in clear text +#d-i passwd/user-password password insecure +#d-i passwd/user-password-again password insecure +# or encrypted using a crypt(3) hash. +#d-i passwd/user-password-crypted password [crypt(3) hash] +# Create the first user with the specified UID instead of the default. +#d-i passwd/user-uid string 1010 + +# The user account will be added to some standard initial groups. To +# override that, use this. +#d-i passwd/user-default-groups string audio cdrom video + +### Clock and time zone setup +# Controls whether or not the hardware clock is set to UTC. +d-i clock-setup/utc boolean true + +# You may set this to any valid setting for $TZ; see the contents of +# /usr/share/zoneinfo/ for valid values. +d-i time/zone string Europe/Sofia + +# Controls whether to use NTP to set the clock during the install +d-i clock-setup/ntp boolean true +# NTP server to use. The default is almost always fine here. +#d-i clock-setup/ntp-server string ntp.example.com + +### Partitioning +## Partitioning example +# If the system has free space you can choose to only partition that space. +# This is only honoured if partman-auto/method (below) is not set. +#d-i partman-auto/init_automatically_partition select biggest_free + +# Alternatively, you may specify a disk to partition. If the system has only +# one disk the installer will default to using that, but otherwise the device +# name must be given in traditional, non-devfs format (so e.g. /dev/sda +# and not e.g. /dev/discs/disc0/disc). +# For example, to use the first SCSI/SATA hard disk: +#d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/sda +# In addition, you'll need to specify the method to use. +# The presently available methods are: +# - regular: use the usual partition types for your architecture +# - lvm: use LVM to partition the disk +# - crypto: use LVM within an encrypted partition +d-i partman-auto/method string lvm + +# You can define the amount of space that will be used for the LVM volume +# group. It can either be a size with its unit (eg. 20 GB), a percentage of +# free space or the 'max' keyword. +d-i partman-auto-lvm/guided_size string max + +# If one of the disks that are going to be automatically partitioned +# contains an old LVM configuration, the user will normally receive a +# warning. This can be preseeded away... +d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true +# The same applies to pre-existing software RAID array: +d-i partman-md/device_remove_md boolean true +# And the same goes for the confirmation to write the lvm partitions. +d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true +d-i partman-lvm/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true + +# You can choose one of the three predefined partitioning recipes: +# - atomic: all files in one partition +# - home: separate /home partition +# - multi: separate /home, /var, and /tmp partitions +d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic + +# Or provide a recipe of your own... +# If you have a way to get a recipe file into the d-i environment, you can +# just point at it. +#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe_file string /hd-media/recipe + +# If not, you can put an entire recipe into the preconfiguration file in one +# (logical) line. This example creates a small /boot partition, suitable +# swap, and uses the rest of the space for the root partition: +#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \ +# boot-root :: \ +# 40 50 100 ext3 \ +# $primary{ } $bootable{ } \ +# method{ format } format{ } \ +# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \ +# mountpoint{ /boot } \ +# . \ +# 500 10000 1000000000 ext3 \ +# method{ format } format{ } \ +# use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext3 } \ +# mountpoint{ / } \ +# . \ +# 64 512 300% linux-swap \ +# method{ swap } format{ } \ +# . + +# The full recipe format is documented in the file partman-auto-recipe.txt +# included in the 'debian-installer' package or available from D-I source +# repository. This also documents how to specify settings such as file +# system labels, volume group names and which physical devices to include +# in a volume group. + +## Partitioning for EFI +# If your system needs an EFI partition you could add something like +# this to the recipe above, as the first element in the recipe: +# 538 538 1075 free \ +# $iflabel{ gpt } \ +# $reusemethod{ } \ +# method{ efi } \ +# format{ } \ +# . \ +# +# The fragment above is for the amd64 architecture; the details may be +# different on other architectures. The 'partman-auto' package in the +# D-I source repository may have an example you can follow. + +# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation, provided +# that you told it what to do using one of the methods above. +d-i partman-partitioning/confirm_write_new_label boolean true +d-i partman/choose_partition select finish +d-i partman/confirm boolean true +d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true + +# Force UEFI booting ('BIOS compatibility' will be lost). Default: false. +#d-i partman-efi/non_efi_system boolean true +# Ensure the partition table is GPT - this is required for EFI +d-i partman-partitioning/choose_label select gpt +d-i partman-partitioning/default_label string gpt + +# When disk encryption is enabled, skip wiping the partitions beforehand. +#d-i partman-auto-crypto/erase_disks boolean false + +## Partitioning using RAID +# The method should be set to "raid". +#d-i partman-auto/method string raid +# Specify the disks to be partitioned. They will all get the same layout, +# so this will only work if the disks are the same size. +#d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/sda /dev/sdb + +# Next you need to specify the physical partitions that will be used. +#d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \ +# multiraid :: \ +# 1000 5000 4000 raid \ +# $primary{ } method{ raid } \ +# . \ +# 64 512 300% raid \ +# method{ raid } \ +# . \ +# 500 10000 1000000000 raid \ +# method{ raid } \ +# . + +# Last you need to specify how the previously defined partitions will be +# used in the RAID setup. Remember to use the correct partition numbers +# for logical partitions. RAID levels 0, 1, 5, 6 and 10 are supported; +# devices are separated using "#". +# Parameters are: +# \ +# + +#d-i partman-auto-raid/recipe string \ +# 1 2 0 ext3 / \ +# /dev/sda1#/dev/sdb1 \ +# . \ +# 1 2 0 swap - \ +# /dev/sda5#/dev/sdb5 \ +# . \ +# 0 2 0 ext3 /home \ +# /dev/sda6#/dev/sdb6 \ +# . + +# For additional information see the file partman-auto-raid-recipe.txt +# included in the 'debian-installer' package or available from D-I source +# repository. + +# This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation. +d-i partman-md/confirm boolean true +d-i partman-partitioning/confirm_write_new_label boolean true +d-i partman/choose_partition select finish +d-i partman/confirm boolean true +d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true + +## Controlling how partitions are mounted +# The default is to mount by UUID, but you can also choose "traditional" to +# use traditional device names, or "label" to try filesystem labels before +# falling back to UUIDs. +#d-i partman/mount_style select uuid + +### Base system installation +# Configure APT to not install recommended packages by default. Use of this +# option can result in an incomplete system and should only be used by very +# experienced users. +#d-i base-installer/install-recommends boolean false + +# The kernel image (meta) package to be installed; "none" can be used if no +# kernel is to be installed. +#d-i base-installer/kernel/image string linux-image-686 + +### Apt setup +# Choose, if you want to scan additional installation media +# (default: false). +d-i apt-setup/cdrom/set-first boolean false +# You can choose to install non-free firmware. +#d-i apt-setup/non-free-firmware boolean true +# You can choose to install non-free and contrib software. +#d-i apt-setup/non-free boolean true +#d-i apt-setup/contrib boolean true +# Uncomment the following line, if you don't want to have the sources.list +# entry for a DVD/BD installation image active in the installed system +# (entries for netinst or CD images will be disabled anyway, regardless of +# this setting). +#d-i apt-setup/disable-cdrom-entries boolean true +# Uncomment this if you don't want to use a network mirror. +#d-i apt-setup/use_mirror boolean false +# Select which update services to use; define the mirrors to be used. +# Values shown below are the normal defaults. +#d-i apt-setup/services-select multiselect security, updates +#d-i apt-setup/security_host string security.debian.org + +# Additional repositories, local[0-9] available +#d-i apt-setup/local0/repository string \ +# http://local.server/debian stable main +#d-i apt-setup/local0/comment string local server +# Enable deb-src lines +#d-i apt-setup/local0/source boolean true +# URL to the public key of the local repository; you must provide a key or +# apt will complain about the unauthenticated repository and so the +# sources.list line will be left commented out. +#d-i apt-setup/local0/key string http://local.server/key +# or one can provide it in-line by base64 encoding the contents of the +# key file (with `base64 -w0`) and specifying it thus: +#d-i apt-setup/local0/key string base64://LS0tLS1CRUdJTiBQR1AgUFVCTElDIEtFWSBCTE9DSy0tLS0tCi4uLgo= +# The content of the key file is checked to see if it appears to be ASCII-armoured. +# If so it will be saved with an ".asc" extension, otherwise it gets a '.gpg' extension. +# "keybox database" format is currently not supported. (see generators/60local in apt-setup's source) + +# By default the installer requires that repositories be authenticated +# using a known gpg key. This setting can be used to disable that +# authentication. Warning: Insecure, not recommended. +#d-i debian-installer/allow_unauthenticated boolean true + +# Uncomment this to add multiarch configuration for i386 +#d-i apt-setup/multiarch string i386 + + +### Package selection +#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, web-server, kde-desktop +tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, ssh-server + +# Or choose to not get the tasksel dialog displayed at all (and don't install +# any packages): +#d-i pkgsel/run_tasksel boolean false + +# Individual additional packages to install +#d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server build-essential +# Whether to upgrade packages after debootstrap. +# Allowed values: none, safe-upgrade, full-upgrade +#d-i pkgsel/upgrade select none + +# You can choose, if your system will report back on what software you have +# installed, and what software you use. The default is not to report back, +# but sending reports helps the project determine what software is most +# popular and should be included on the first CD/DVD. +popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false + +### Boot loader installation +# Grub is the boot loader (for x86). + +# This is fairly safe to set, it makes grub install automatically to the UEFI +# partition/boot record if no other operating system is detected on the machine. +d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true + +# This one makes grub-installer install to the UEFI partition/boot record, if +# it also finds some other OS, which is less safe as it might not be able to +# boot that other OS. +d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true + +# Due notably to potential USB sticks, the location of the primary drive can +# not be determined safely in general, so this needs to be specified: +#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string /dev/sda +# To install to the primary device (assuming it is not a USB stick): +d-i grub-installer/bootdev string default + +# Alternatively, if you want to install to a location other than the UEFI +# parition/boot record, uncomment and edit these lines: +#d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean false +#d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean false +#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,1) +# To install grub to multiple disks: +#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,1) (hd1,1) (hd2,1) + +# Optional password for grub, either in clear text +#d-i grub-installer/password password r00tme +#d-i grub-installer/password-again password r00tme +# or encrypted using an MD5 hash, see grub-md5-crypt(8). +#d-i grub-installer/password-crypted password [MD5 hash] + +# Use the following option to add additional boot parameters for the +# installed system (if supported by the bootloader installer). +# Note: options passed to the installer will be added automatically. +#d-i debian-installer/add-kernel-opts string nousb + +### Finishing up the installation +# During installations from serial console, the regular virtual consoles +# (VT1-VT6) are normally disabled in /etc/inittab. Uncomment the next +# line to prevent this. +d-i finish-install/keep-consoles boolean true + +# Avoid that last message about the install being complete. +d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note + +# This will prevent the installer from ejecting the CD during the reboot, +# which is useful in some situations. +#d-i cdrom-detect/eject boolean false + +# This is how to make the installer shutdown when finished, but not +# reboot into the installed system. +#d-i debian-installer/exit/halt boolean true +# This will power off the machine instead of just halting it. +#d-i debian-installer/exit/poweroff boolean true + +### Preseeding other packages +# Depending on what software you choose to install, or if things go wrong +# during the installation process, it's possible that other questions may +# be asked. You can preseed those too, of course. To get a list of every +# possible question that could be asked during an install, do an +# installation, and then run these commands: +# debconf-get-selections --installer > file +# debconf-get-selections >> file + + +#### Advanced options +### Running custom commands during the installation +# d-i preseeding is inherently not secure. Nothing in the installer checks +# for attempts at buffer overflows or other exploits of the values of a +# preconfiguration file like this one. Only use preconfiguration files from +# trusted locations! To drive that home, and because it's generally useful, +# here's a way to run any shell command you'd like inside the installer, +# automatically. + +# This first command is run as early as possible, just after +# preseeding is read. +#d-i preseed/early_command string anna-install some-udeb +# This command is run immediately before the partitioner starts. It may be +# useful to apply dynamic partitioner preseeding that depends on the state +# of the disks (which may not be visible when preseed/early_command runs). +#d-i partman/early_command \ +# string debconf-set partman-auto/disk "$(list-devices disk | head -n1)" +# This command is run just before the install finishes, but when there is +# still a usable /target directory. You can chroot to /target and use it +# directly, or use the apt-install and in-target commands to easily install +# packages and run commands in the target system. +#d-i preseed/late_command string apt-install zsh; in-target chsh -s /bin/zsh + +# Add ssh keys +d-i preseed/late_command string \ + in-target /bin/mkdir /root/.ssh ;\ + in-target /usr/bin/wget '$AUTHORIZED_KEYS_URL' -O /root/.ssh/authorized_keys ;\ + in-target /bin/chmod 0700 /root/.ssh ;\ + in-target /bin/chmod 0600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys + + +# Actually set hostname +d-i pressed/late_command string \ + in-target /bin/bash -c 'echo "$HOSTNAME" > /etc/hostname' diff --git a/server/preseed/run_env.sh b/server/preseed/run_env.sh new file mode 100755 index 0000000..289697c --- /dev/null +++ b/server/preseed/run_env.sh @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +#!/bin/bash +ENV_FILE="$1" +CMD=${@:2} + +set -o allexport +source $ENV_FILE +set +o allexport + +$CMD